Anodic Oxidation

Anodic Oxidation covers the application of the concept, principles, and methods of electrochemistry to organic reactions. This book is composed of two parts encompassing 12 chapters that consider the mechanism of anodic oxidation.

Part I surveys the theory and methods of electrochemistry as applied to organic reactions. These parts also present the mathematical equations to describe the kinetics of electrode reactions using both polarographic and steady-state conditions. Part II examines the anodic oxidation of organic substrates by the functional group initially attacked. This part particularly emphasizes the kinds of intermediates generated and the mechanisms leading to final products.

This book is intended primarily to organic chemists and physical electrochemists.

Inhalt
Part I Principles and Methods
1 An Introduction to the Electrochemical Reaction

I. Electrolysis and Its Terminology

II.Faraday and the Laws of Electrolysis

III. How Is the Electric Current Carried through the Cell?

IV. The Electrochemical Reaction-A Simple Picture

V. A Most Important Factor-The Electrode Potential

VI. The Origin and Significance of the Electrode Potential

VII. The Sign of the Electrode Potential

VIII. Thermodynamics of Electrode Potential

IX. Reversibility and Irreversibility

X. The Electrical Double Layer

XI. Adsorption at the Electrode-Solution Interface

XII. A General Representation of an Electrochemical Reaction

References

2 The Current-Potential Relationship

I. The Rate of an Electrode Reaction-A Logical Place to Begin

II. The Polarographic Method

III. Reactions under Activation-Controlled Conditions

References

3 Other Electrochemical Methods

I. Transient Behavior at the Electrode Surface

II. Coulometric Studies and Preparative Methods

References

4 The Electrochemical Reaction-Practical Aspects

I. Cells and Circuits-The Two-Electrode Cell

II. Cells and Circuits-The Three-Electrode Cell

III. Cells for Electrolysis

IV. The Working Electrode

V. Electrode Construction

VI. The Counter or Auxiliary Electrode

VII. Reference Electrodes in Aqueous Solutions

VIII. Reference Electrodes in Nonaqueous Solutions

IX. Solvents

X. Supporting Electrolytes

References

Part II A Survey of Anodic Oxidations

5 Hydrocarbons

I. Introduction

II. Substituted Benzenes

III. Anthracenes

IV. Aryl Olefins

V. Aliphatic and Alicyclic Hydrocarbons

References

6 The Kolbe Acid Oxidation: Radical Reactions

I. Introduction

II. Experimental Conditions

III. Side Reactions

IV. Scope and Limitations

V. Mechanism

References

7 The Kolbe Acid Oxidation: Carbonium Ion Reactions

Text

References

8 Amines

I. Aromatic Amines

II. Aliphatic Amines

References

9 Amides

Text

References

10 Hydrazines and Related Compounds

I. Hydrazines

II. Semicarbazides

III. Hydrazones

References

11 Alcohols and Phenols

I. Alcohols

II. Phenols

References

12 Ethers

I. Aliphatic Ethers

II. Aromatic Ethers

References

Author Index

Subject Index

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