3D Displays

This book looks at the current status of 3D display technology, addressing technologies ready to be commercialized as well as future trends. It covers in detail the major 3D technologies, including stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays, integral imaging, holographic 3D, and volumetric displays.

Informationen zum Autor Ernst Lueder, (retired), Department of Electrical Communications, University of Stuttgart, Germany Ernst Lueder is Professor Emeritus at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. He was Director of the Institute of Network and Systems Theory at Stuttgart University until 1999, and also headed up a DM 80 million research laboratory for the fabrication of flat panel displays. He is an IEEE Fellow, as well as a Fellow of SID and in 2009, received SID's Slottow-Owaki award. Prof. Lueder has also been awarded the order of merit 1st Class of the Federal Republic of Germany. From 2000 until very recently in 2010, Prof. Lueder was President of the Electro Optical Consultancy. He has previously authored 2 editions of Liquid Crystal Displays: Addressing Schemes and Electro-Optical Effects published by Wiley. Klappentext This book addresses electrical engineers, physicists, designers of flat panel displays (FDPs), students and also scientists from other disciplines interested in understanding the various 3D technologies. A timely guide is provided to the present status of development in 3D display technologies, ready to be commercialized as well as to future technologies.Having presented the physiology of 3D perception, the book progresses to a detailed discussion of the five 3D technologies: stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays; integral imaging; holography and volumetric displays, and:* Introduces spatial and temporal multiplex for the two views needed for stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays;* Outlines dominant components such as retarders for stereoscopic displays, and fixed as well as adjustable lenticular lenses and parallax barriers for auto- stereoscopic displays;* Examines the high speed required for 240 Hz frames provided by parallel addressing and the recently proposed interleaved image processing;* Explains integral imaging, a true 3D system, based on the known lenticulars which is explored up to the level of a 3D video projector using real and virtual images;* Renders holographic 3D easier to understand by using phasors known from electrical engineering and optics leading up to digital computer generated holograms;* Shows volumetric displays to be limited by the number of stacked FPDs; and,* Presents algorithms stemming from computer science to assess 3D image quality and to allow for bandwidth saving transmission of 3D TV signals. Zusammenfassung This book addresses electrical engineers, physicists, designers of flat panel displays (FDPs), students and also scientists from other disciplines interested in understanding the various 3D technologies. A timely guide is provided to the present status of development in 3D display technologies, ready to be commercialized as well as to future technologies.Having presented the physiology of 3D perception, the book progresses to a detailed discussion of the five 3D technologies: stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays; integral imaging; holography and volumetric displays, and:* Introduces spatial and temporal multiplex for the two views needed for stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays;* Outlines dominant components such as retarders for stereoscopic displays, and fixed as well as adjustable lenticular lenses and parallax barriers for auto- stereoscopic displays;* Examines the high speed required for 240 Hz frames provided by parallel addressing and the recently proposed interleaved image processing;* Explains integral imaging, a true 3D system, based on the known lenticulars which is explored up to the level of a 3D video projector using real and virtual images;* Renders holographic 3D easier to understand by using phasors known from electrical engineering and optics leading up to digital computer generated holograms;* Shows volumetric displays to be limited by the number of stacked FPDs; and,* Presents algorithms stemming from computer science to assess 3D image quality a...

Klappentext
This book addresses electrical engineers, physicists, designers of flat panel displays (FDPs), students and also scientists from other disciplines interested in understanding the various 3D technologies. A timely guide is provided to the present status of development in 3D display technologies, ready to be commercialized as well as to future technologies. Having presented the physiology of 3D perception, the book progresses to a detailed discussion of the five 3D technologies: stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays; integral imaging; holography and volumetric displays, and: * Introduces spatial and temporal multiplex for the two views needed for stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays; * Outlines dominant components such as retarders for stereoscopic displays, and fixed as well as adjustable lenticular lenses and parallax barriers for auto- stereoscopic displays; * Examines the high speed required for 240 Hz frames provided by parallel addressing and the recently proposed interleaved image processing; * Explains integral imaging, a true 3D system, based on the known lenticulars which is explored up to the level of a 3D video projector using real and virtual images; * Renders holographic 3D easier to understand by using phasors known from electrical engineering and optics leading up to digital computer generated holograms; * Shows volumetric displays to be limited by the number of stacked FPDs; and, * Presents algorithms stemming from computer science to assess 3D image quality and to allow for bandwidth saving transmission of 3D TV signals.

Inhalt
Preface xi Series Preface xiii Introduction xv 1 The Physiology of 3D Perception 1 1.1 Binocular Viewing or Human Stereopsis 1 1.2 The Mismatch of Accommodation and Disparity and the Depths of Focus and of Field 3 1.3 Distance Scaling of Disparity 6 1.4 Interocular Crosstalk 7 1.5 Psychological Effects for Depth Perception 10 1.6 High-Level Cognitive Factor 10 Acknowledgments 11 References 11 2 Stereoscopic Displays 13 2.1 Stereoscopic Displays with Area Multiplexing 13 2.1.1 Retarders for the generation of polarizations 13 2.1.2 Wire grid polarizers for processing of the second view 20 2.1.3 Stereoscopic display with two LCDs 22 2.2 Combined Area and Time Division Multiplex for 3D Displays 26 2.3 Stereoscopic Time Sequential Displays 31 2.3.1 Time sequential viewing with an active retarder 31 2.3.2 Fast time sequential 3D displays by the use of OCB LCDs 33 2.3.3 Time sequential 3D displays with black insertions 33 2.4 Special Solutions for Stereoscopic Displays 41 2.5 Stereoscopic Projectors 48 2.6 Interleaved, Simultaneous, and Progressive Addressing of AMOLEDs and AMLCDs 60 2.7 Photo-Induced Alignment for Retarders and Beam Splitters 68 Acknowledgments 68 References 69 3 Autostereoscopic Displays 73 3.1 Spatially Multiplexed Multiview Autostereoscopic Displays with Lenticular Lenses 73 3.2 Spatially Multiplexed Multiview Autostereoscopic Displays with Switchable Lenticular Lenses 85 3.3 Autostereoscopic Displays with Fixed and Switchable Parallax Barriers 95 3.4 Time Sequential Autostereoscopic Displays and Directional Backlights 104 3.4.1 Time sequential displays with special mirrors or 3D films 105 3.4.2 Time sequential displays with directionally switched backlights 109 3.5 Depth-Fused 3D Displays 115 3.6 Single and Multiview 3D Displays with a Light Guide 125 3.7 Test of 3D Displays and Medical Applications 129 Acknowledgments 129 References 130 4 Assessment of Quality of 3D Displays 133 4.1 Introduction and Overview 133 4.2 Retrieving Quality Data from Given Images 135 4.3 Algorithms Based on Objective Measures Providing Disparity or Depth Maps 136 4.3.1 The algorithm ba…

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