Microwave Materials and Applications

The recent rapid progress in wireless telecommunication, including the Internet of Things, 5th generation wireless systems, satellite broadcasting, and intelligent transport systems has increased the need for low-loss dielectric materials and modern fabrication techniques. These materials have excellent electrical, dielectric, and thermal properties and have enormous potential, especially in wireless communication, flexible electronics, and printed electronics.

Microwave Materials and Applications discusses the methods commonly employed for measuring microwave dielectric properties, the various attempts reported to solve problems of materials chemistry and crystal structure, doping, substitution, and composite formation, highlighting the processing techniques, morphology influences, and applications of microwave materials whilst summarizing many of the recent technical research accomplishments in the area of microwave dielectrics and applications

Chapters examine:

* Oxide ceramics for dielectric resonators and substrates

* HTCC, LTCC and ULTCC tapes for substrates

* Polymer ceramic composites for printed circuit boards

* Elastomer-ceramic composites for flexible electronics

* Dielectric inks

* EMI shielding materials

* Microwave ferrites

A comprehensive Appendix presents the fundamental properties for more than 4000 low-loss dielectric ceramics, their composition, crystal structure, and their microwave dielectric properties.

Microwave Materials and Applications presents a comprehensive view of all aspects of microwave materials and applications, making it useful for scientists, industrialists, engineers, and students working on current and emerging applications of wireless communications and consumer electronics.

Autorentext
Edited by
M. T. Sebastian Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Finland Rick Ubic Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, USA Heli Jantunen Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Finland

Inhalt
VOLUME I List of Contributors xv Series Preface xvii Preface xix 1. Measurement of Microwave Dielectric Properties and Factors Affecting Them 1
M.T. Sebastian, M.A.S. Silva, and A.S.B. Sombra 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Permittivity (;;r) and quality factor (Q) 2 1.3 Measurement of Microwave Dielectric Properties 7 1.4 Methods of Measurement 8 1.5 Measurement of EMI Shielding Effectiveness 29 1.6 Terahertz and Millimeter Wave Measurements 31 1.7 Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Powder Samples 34 1.8 Estimation of Dielectric Loss by Spectroscopic Methods 35 1.9 Factors Affecting Dielectric Loss 39 1.10 Measurement of Temperature Coefficient of Resonant Frequency 41 1.11 Tuning of the Resonant Frequency 42 References 45 2. Modeling of Microwave Dielectric Properties of Composites 53
Marko Tuhkala, Merja Teirikangas, and Jari Juuti 2.1 Introduction 53 2.2 Connectivity 54 2.3 Electrostatic Theory 56 2.4 Mixing Equations 59 2.5 Effect of Porosity 71 2.6 Conclusion 77 References 77 3. Perovskites 81
K.P. Surendran and Rick Ubic 3.1 Introduction 81 3.2 Lattice Constant Prediction 83 3.3 Tolerance Factor 84 3.4 Octahedral Tilting 86 3.5 Simple Perovskites 87 3.6 Cation Ordering 89 3.7 Cation Deficient Perovskites 133 3.8 Summary 135 References 136 4. High Permittivity Materials 149
Rick Ubic, G. Subodh, and M.T. Sebastian 4.1 Introduction 149 4.2 The BaOLn2O3TiO2 System 149 4.3 The Effect of Processing Parameters on Electrical Properties 162 4.4 Titania 164 4.5 Sr1-3x/2CexTiO3 Ceramics 166 4.6 Pbn(Nb1-xTax)O5+n 174 4.7 (Pb1-xCax)(Fe1/2B1/2)O3 [B = Nb, Ta] 185 4.8 Ag(Nb1-xTax)O3 187 4.9 Summary 190 References 190 5. Millimeter-Wave Materials 203
Hitoshi Ohsato 5.1 Introduction: New Frontiers of Millimeter-Wave Dielectrics 203 5.2 Dielectric Properties for Millimeter Wave 207 5.3 Candidates of Millimeter-Wave Dielectrics 209 5.4 Specialized Study 212 Acknowledgments 259 References 259 6. Other Important Materials 267
M.T. Sebastian and R.C. Pullar 6.1 Spinel 267 6.2 Li2ATi3O8 (A = Mg, Zn) Ceramics 280 6.3 Li2Zn3Ti4O12 289 6.4 Apatites 290 6.5 Alumina 303 6.6 Zirconium Tin Titanate 306 6.7 Dielectric Materials in the BaOTiO2 System 314 6.8 Columbite Niobates (M2+Nb2O6) 318 Acknowledgments 327 References 328 7. Microwave Dielectric Properties of Glasses and Bulk Glass Ceramics 345
Martin Letz 7.1 Glasses 345 7.2 Bulk Glass Ceramics 349 References 353 8. High Temperature Cofired Ceramic (HTCC), Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic (LTCC), and Ultralow Temperature Cofired Ceramic (ULTCC) Materials 355
M.T. Sebastian and Heli Jantunen 8.1 High Temperature Cofired Ceramics (HTCC) 355 8.2 HTCC Alumina 357 8.3 Aluminium Nitride HTCC 359 8.4 ZrSiO4 361 8.5 Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) 366 8.6 Ultralow Temperature Cofired Ceramics (ULTCC) 395 8.7 Discussion and Conclusion 408 References 411 Index i1 VOLUME II List of Contributors xv Series Preface xvii Preface xix 9. Voltage Tunable Microwave Dielectrics for Frequency and Phase...