American Indian Nations from Termination to Restoration, 1953-2006

Informationen zum Autor Roberta Ulrich is a retired newspaper reporter. She is the author of Empty Nets: Indians, Dams, and the Columbia River. Klappentext When the U.S. government ended its relationship with dozens of Native American tribes and bands between 1953 and 1966, it was engaging in a massive social experiment. Congress enacted the program, known as termination, in the name of "freeing" the Indians from government restrictions and improving their quality of life. However, removing the federal status of more than nine dozen tribes across the country plunged many of their nearly 13,000 members into deeper levels of poverty and eroded the tribal people's sense of Native identity. Beginning in 1973 and extending over a twenty-year period, the terminated tribes, one by one, persuaded Congress to restore their ties to the federal government. Nonetheless, so much damage had been done that even today the restored tribes struggle to overcome the problems created by those terminations a half century ago. Roberta Ulrich provides a concise overview of all the terminations and restorations of Native American tribes from 1953 to 2006 and explores the enduring policy implications for Native peoples. This is the first book to consider all the terminations and restorations in the twentieth century as part of continuing policy while detailing some of the individual tribal differences. Drawing from Congressional records, interviews with tribal members, and other primary sources, Ulrich delves into the causes and effects of termination and restoration from both sides. Zusammenfassung Provides a concise overview of all the terminations and restorations of Native American tribes from 1953 to 2006 and explores the enduring policy implications for Native peoples. This is the first book to consider all the terminations and restorations in the twentieth century as part of continuing policy while detailing some of the individual tribal differences. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsPrologue: The ExperimentPart One - Breaking the Ties1. Policy: Kill the Indians2. Menominees: Ambush3. Klamaths: Disaster4. Western Oregon: Invisible5. Alabama-Coushattas of Texas and Catawbas of South Carolina: Entangled6. Utah Paiute Bands: Helpless7. California: Scattered8. Oklahoma Tribes and Ponca of Nebraska: Afterthoughts Part Two: The Way Back9. Menominees: Pioneers10. Siletz: Fish11. Oklahoma and Utah: Flood12. Cow Creeks and Grand Rondes: Communities13. Klamaths: Troubles14. Coos and Coquilles: Cooperating15. Alabama-Coushattas and California: Legalities16. Catawbas and Poncas: Last17. Epilogue: ResultsAppendix: Terminated Tribes and RestorationNotesBibliographyIndex...

Autorentext
Roberta Ulrich is a retired newspaper reporter. She is the author of Empty Nets: Indians, Dams, and the Columbia River.

Klappentext
When the U.S. government ended its relationship with dozens of Native American tribes and bands between 1953 and 1966, it was engaging in a massive social experiment. Congress enacted the program, known as termination, in the name of "freeing" the Indians from government restrictions and improving their quality of life. However, removing the federal status of more than nine dozen tribes across the country plunged many of their nearly 13,000 members into deeper levels of poverty and eroded the tribal people's sense of Native identity. Beginning in 1973 and extending over a twenty-year period, the terminated tribes, one by one, persuaded Congress to restore their ties to the federal government. Nonetheless, so much damage had been done that even today the restored tribes struggle to overcome the problems created by those terminations a half century ago. Roberta Ulrich provides a concise overview of all the terminations and restorations of Native American tribes from 1953 to 2006 and explores the enduring policy implications for Native peoples. This is the first book to consider all the terminations and restorations in the twentieth century as part of continuing policy while detailing some of the individual tribal differences. Drawing from Congressional records, interviews with tribal members, and other primary sources, Ulrich delves into the causes and effects of termination and restoration from both sides.

Zusammenfassung
Provides a concise overview of all the terminations and restorations of Native American tribes from 1953 to 2006 and explores the enduring policy implications for Native peoples. This is the first book to consider all the terminations and restorations in the twentieth century as part of continuing policy while detailing some of the individual tribal differences.

Inhalt
List of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsPrologue: The ExperimentPart One - Breaking the Ties1. Policy: Kill the Indians2. Menominees: Ambush3. Klamaths: Disaster4. Western Oregon: Invisible5. Alabama-Coushattas of Texas and Catawbas of South Carolina: Entangled6. Utah Paiute Bands: Helpless7. California: Scattered8. Oklahoma Tribes and Ponca of Nebraska: Afterthoughts Part Two: The Way Back9. Menominees: Pioneers10. Siletz: Fish11. Oklahoma and Utah: Flood12. Cow Creeks and Grand Rondes: Communities13. Klamaths: Troubles14. Coos and Coquilles: Cooperating15. Alabama-Coushattas and California: Legalities16. Catawbas and Poncas: Last17. Epilogue: ResultsAppendix: Terminated Tribes and RestorationNotesBibliographyIndex

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