Micro/Nanotribology and Its Applications

Micro/nanotribology as a field is concerned with experimental and theoretical investigations of processes ranging from atomic and molecular scales to the microscale, occurring during adhesion, friction, wear, and thin-film lubrication at sliding surfaces. As a field it is truly interdisciplinary, but this confronts the would-be entrant with the difficulty of becoming familiar with the basic theories and applications: the area is not covered in any undergraduate or graduate scientific curriculum.
The present work commences with a history of tribology and micro/nanotribology, followed by discussions of instrumentation, basic theories of friction, wear and lubrication on nano- to microscales, and their industrial applications. A variety of research instruments are covered, including a variety of scanning probe microscopes and surface force apparatus. Experimental research and modelling are expertly dealt with, the emphasis throughout being applied aspects.

Autorentext
Dr. Bharat Bhushan received an M.S. in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1971, an M.S. in mechanics and a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Colorado at Boulder in 1973 and 1976, respectively, an MBA from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, NY in 1980, Doctor Technicae from the University of Trondheim at Trondheim, Norway in 1990, a Doctor of Technical Sciences from the Warsaw University of Technology at Warsaw, Poland in 1996, and Doctor Honoris Causa from the Metal-Polymer Research Institute of National Academy of Sciences at Gomel, Belarus in 2000. He is a registered professional engineer (mechanical) and presently an Ohio Eminent Scholar and The Howard D. Winbigler Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate Research Faculty Advisor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Director of the Nanotribology Laboratory for Information Storage & MEMS/NEMS (NLIM) at the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. He is an internationally recognized expert of tribology on the macro- to nanoscales, and is one of the most prolific authors in the field. He is considered by some a pioneer of the tribology and mechanics of magnetic storage devices and a leading researcher in the fields of nanotribology and nanomechanics using scanning probe microscopy and applications to micro/nanotechnology.

Inhalt
1. History.- History of Tribology and Micro/Nanotriboiogy.- 2. SPM Instrumentation.- Instrumentation for Scanning Force Microscopy and Friction Force Microscopy.- Sensors for Scanning Probe Microscopy.- An Atomic Force Microscope with Two Optical Levers for Detection of the Position of the Tip End with Three Degrees of Freedom.- 3 Forces and Adhesion.- Adhesion on the Nanometer Scale.- AFM at Liquid-Solid Interfaces.- Study of Attractive Interactions Between Poly (Ethylene-Oxide) Coated Surfaces Using AFM.- Force Gradient Versus Distance Curves Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy.- Adhesion and Friction Using Field Ion Microscopy.- A Continuum Mechanics Model of Adhesion and Friction in a Single Asperity Contact.- 4. Friction And Wear.- (a) AFM/FFM and STM.- Friction, Scratching/Wear, Indentation and Lubrication on Micro- to Nanoscales.- Instrumental Aspects and Contrast Mechanisms of Friction Force Microscopy.- Modulation Technique for Measuring Friction on a Nanometer Scale.- Friction Force Microscopy at Ultrasonic Frequencies.- Friction Force Spectroscopy in the Low-Load Regime with Well-Defined Tips.- Friction Force Microscopy of Organic Thin Films and Crystals.- Scanning Force Microscopy of Latent Heavy-Ion Tracks in Ultrahigh Vacuum.- Investigation of Sliding Friction on the Ferroic Crystals Surface.- Compositional Characterization of III-V Semiconductor Heterostructures by Friction Force Microscopy.- Nanotribology in Electrolytic Environment.- Mechanisms for Sliding Friction of Single Molecules Using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy at Room Temperature.- (b) Quartz Crystal Microbalance.- Sliding Friction of Compressing Xenon Monolayers.- (c) Surface Force Apparatus.- Control and Minimization of Friction Via Surface Modifications.- Glass-Like Transition of a Simple Fluid Confined Between Low-Energy, Noncrystalline Surfaces.- (d) Modelling.- Microscopic Aspects of Friction.- Theoretical Simulation of Atomic-Scale Friction Image of Graphite in FFM.- Frictional Phases in a Driven Two-Wave Potential.- Frictional Anisotropy and the Role of Lattice Relaxation in Molecular Tribology of Crystalline Interfaces.- Simulation of the Scan Process in Friction Force Microscopy.- (e) Macro-Scale.- Tribology: A Bridge from Macro to Nano.- Friction of Sliding Surfaces Carrying Boundary Layers: The Relation Between Friction on the Micro- and Macro-Scales.- 5. Lubrication.- Lubrication: Traditional to Nano-lubricating Films.- Analysis of Lubricant Morphology Using the AFM.- 6. Materials Properties Characterization.- A Beginner's Guide to LPM Materials Properties Measurements Part I: Conceptual Aspects.- A Beginner's Guide to LPM Materials Properties Measurements Part II: Experimental Aspects.- Nanomechanical Interactions of Scanning Force Microscope Tips with Polymer Surfaces.- Surface Mechanical Properties Using Nanoindentation.- 7. Molecular Dynamic Simulations.- Junctions and Nano-Elastohydrodynamics.- Stick-Slip Motion, Transient Behavior, and Memory in Confined Films.- Theory of Friction: Friction Dynamics for Boundary Lubricated Surfaces.- 8. Applications- MEMS and Magnetic Storage Devices.- Microdynamical Systems.- Preparation of Micro- and Nanostructures.- Adhesion and Friction in MEMS.- Water Adsorption on MEMS Surface Studied by Quartz Crystal Microbalance.- Molecular Tribology of Disk Drives.- Application of SPM for the Analysis of Microcracks of Thin-Film Head Alumina.- Author Index.- Subjeck Index.

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