The Origins of Conflict in Afghanistan

Autorentext
JEFFERY J. ROBERTS is Professor of History at Tennessee Technological University.

Klappentext
Focusing on Afghanistan's relations with the West during the latter half of the 20th century, this study offers new insights on the long-term origins of the nation's recent tragedies. Roberts finds that, since the 1930s in particular, Afghanistan pursued policies far more complex, and considerably more pro-Western, than previous studies have surmised. By the end of the Second World War, Britain and Afghanistan seemed headed toward an extensive partnership in military and economic affairs. Opportunities to cement Afghanistan to the West existed, but ultimately ran afoul of regional politics, shortsighted policy, and indifference.

The rise of the Indian nationalist movement and the eventual partition of India would have strategic ramifications for Afghanistan. Pakistan and India, weakened and poised against each other, saw no reason to aid the Kabul regime, leaving only the United States as a potential benefactor. Successive American administrations, however, denied most Afghan requests. When the Eisenhower administration extended support to Pakistan, it alienated Afghan leaders, who then chose to broker a deal with the Soviet Union. Roberts analyzes recent American policy toward Afghanistan and its neighbors, clarifying the current situation and offering guidelines for future relations.

Inhalt
Anglo-Afghan Relations: The 19th-Century Background
The First Anglo-Afghan War
The Second Anglo-Afghan War
The Reign of Abdur Rahman: Afghanistan as Buffer State
The Dawn of Anglo-Afghan Cooperation
The Rise and Fall of Amanullah: A Lesson in Modernization
Toward Greater Cooperation: Nadir Shah and Hashim Khan
Afghanistan in World War II and the Origins of the Lancaster Plan
The Partition of India and Its Impact on Afghanistan
Afghanistan, British Strategy, and the Decision for Partition
The Transfer of Power on the Northwest Frontier
The Strategic Ramifications of Partition
American Policy toward South Asia
The Truman Administration and American Policy in South Asia
The Eisenhower Administration and the Alliance with Pakistan
American Policy toward Afghanistan
The Truman Administration and Afghanistan
The Eisenhower Administration, Afghanistan, and the Alliances
Consequences
Mohammed Daoud, Soviet-Afghan Agreements, and the Road to War
Summary and Conclusions

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